Vertebral Artery Dissection

Vertebral artery dissection is a tear in the arterial wall leading to intramural hematoma and ischemia. Clinical features include neck pain, vertigo, headache, and posterior circulation stroke symptoms. Pathophysiology involves compromise of blood flow to the posterior brain, potentially causing infarction. Diagnosis relies on imaging (CTA, MRA, or conventional angiography). Management includes anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, and rarely endovascular intervention; prognosis is generally favorable if promptly treated.