Tethered Cord Syndrome

Tethered cord syndrome involves abnormal fixation of the spinal cord, resulting in traction and neurological dysfunction. Clinical features include back pain, leg weakness, sensory deficits, and bladder dysfunction. Etiology includes congenital anomalies, trauma, or postsurgical scarring. Pathophysiology involves mechanical stress causing ischemia and neuronal injury. Diagnosis relies on MRI and clinical assessment. Management is surgical detethering; prognosis is better with early diagnosis and intervention.