Syringomyelia

Syringomyelia is characterized by a cystic cavity (syrinx) within the spinal cord, often associated with Chiari malformations or trauma. Clinical features include segmental pain, weakness, sensory loss, and autonomic dysfunction. Pathophysiology involves cerebrospinal fluid flow obstruction leading to syrinx formation and progressive cord damage. Diagnosis relies on MRI and clinical correlation. Management includes surgical decompression and symptomatic therapy; prognosis depends on syrinx progression and timely intervention.