Status Epilepticus

SE is a neurological emergency defined by continuous or recurrent seizures lasting ≥5 minutes without return to baseline. Etiologies include structural lesions, metabolic disturbances, infections, and idiopathic causes. Pathophysiology involves sustained cortical excitability, neurotransmitter imbalance, and potential neuronal injury. Diagnosis is clinical, supported by EEG and laboratory testing. Management includes rapid administration of benzodiazepines, antiepileptic drugs, and treatment of underlying causes; prognosis depends on duration, etiology, and timely intervention.