Periodic Paralysis

Periodic paralysis refers to inherited or acquired disorders causing episodic flaccid muscle weakness. Etiology may be primary (channelopathies) or secondary (thyroid disease). Pathophysiology involves transient alterations in muscle membrane excitability due to ion channel dysfunction. Diagnosis is clinical, supported by serum potassium measurements and genetic testing. Management includes acute potassium correction, avoidance of triggers, and long-term prophylactic therapy; prognosis is generally favorable with adherence to management.