Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome

PNS encompasses immune-mediated neurological disorders triggered by malignancy. Clinical features vary widely, including cerebellar degeneration, neuropathy, encephalitis, and myelopathy. Pathophysiology involves cross-reactive antibodies targeting neural antigens expressed by tumors. Diagnosis is clinical, supported by antibody testing and identification of the underlying tumor. Management includes tumor treatment, immunotherapy, and symptomatic care; prognosis depends on tumor control and neurological involvement.