Neuropathy

Neuropathy refers to peripheral nerve disorders causing sensory, motor, and autonomic deficits. Etiologies include diabetes, toxins, autoimmune disease, and hereditary disorders. Pathophysiology involves axonal degeneration, demyelination, or ischemic injury. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, electrophysiology, and laboratory studies. Management includes treating underlying causes, symptom control, and rehabilitation; prognosis varies by etiology and severity.