Moyamoya Disease

Moyamoya disease is a progressive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by stenosis of the internal carotid arteries and formation of collateral vessels. Clinical features include transient ischemic attacks, strokes, headache, and cognitive impairment. Pathophysiology involves intimal hyperplasia and abnormal angiogenesis. Diagnosis relies on cerebral angiography and MRI/MRA. Management includes revascularization surgery, antiplatelet therapy, and supportive care; prognosis improves with timely surgical intervention.