Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Lumbar spinal stenosis is a degenerative condition characterized by narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal, leading to nerve root compression. Clinical manifestations include neurogenic claudication, lower limb pain, numbness, and gait disturbances. Pathophysiology involves age-related disc degeneration, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, and facet joint arthropathy. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and imaging (MRI/CT). Management includes conservative therapy (physical therapy, analgesics), epidural injections, and surgical decompression; prognosis is generally favorable with appropriate intervention.