Klippel–Feil Syndrome

Klippel–Feil syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by cervical vertebral fusion, short neck, and restricted neck motion. Etiology involves abnormal segmentation of cervical somites during embryogenesis. Clinical features include cervical deformities, scoliosis, hearing deficits, and occasionally neurologic complications from spinal cord compression. Diagnosis relies on radiographic imaging and clinical assessment. Management is supportive, including orthopedic interventions and monitoring for neurologic sequelae; prognosis varies with associated anomalies.