Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a genetically determined generalized epilepsy syndrome presenting with myoclonic jerks, often in the morning, and possible generalized tonic-clonic or absence seizures. Pathophysiology involves abnormal cortical excitability and impaired inhibitory GABAergic transmission. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, EEG showing generalized polyspike-wave discharges, and family history. Management typically includes valproate or alternative antiepileptics; prognosis is favorable with lifelong seizure control.