Ischemic Stroke

Ischemic stroke results from interruption of cerebral blood flow due to thromboembolism or arterial occlusion. Clinical features include sudden-onset focal neurological deficits such as hemiparesis, aphasia, or visual field deficits. Pathophysiology involves ischemia-induced neuronal death, excitotoxicity, and inflammation. Diagnosis relies on neuroimaging, including CT and MRI, and vascular studies. Management includes thrombolysis, thrombectomy, secondary prevention, and neurorehabilitation; prognosis depends on infarct size, location, and speed of intervention.