Foix–Alajouanine Syndrome

Foix–Alajouanine syndrome is a rare subacute necrotizing myelopathy caused by spinal arteriovenous malformations, typically in the lower thoracic cord. Clinical features include progressive paraparesis, sensory deficits, and bladder or bowel dysfunction. Pathophysiology involves chronic venous hypertension leading to spinal cord ischemia and necrosis. Diagnosis is made via spinal MRI and angiography. Management includes endovascular embolization or surgical resection; prognosis is poor if untreated, with progressive neurological deterioration.