Fibromuscular Dysplasia (Neurologic)

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory vascular disease affecting medium-sized arteries, potentially causing cerebrovascular events. Neurological complications include ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, and aneurysmal rupture. Pathophysiology involves abnormal cellular proliferation and fibrosis of the arterial wall. Diagnosis relies on vascular imaging (CTA, MRA, or catheter angiography). Management includes antiplatelet therapy, blood pressure control, and endovascular interventions; prognosis depends on timely detection and management of vascular complications.