Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is characterized by deposition of amyloid-beta protein within the walls of cerebral blood vessels, leading to vessel fragility and hemorrhagic stroke. It is strongly associated with aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Clinical presentation includes spontaneous lobar intracerebral hemorrhages, transient neurological deficits, and cognitive impairment. Diagnosis is confirmed by neuroimaging demonstrating cortical microbleeds or hemorrhages, often supported by histopathology. Management is largely supportive, focusing on blood pressure control and prevention of further hemorrhages; prognosis varies, with recurrent hemorrhages leading to progressive disability.