Bell Palsy

Bell palsy is an acute, unilateral peripheral facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) paralysis of unknown etiology, although viral inflammation (e.g., herpes simplex virus) is implicated. Clinically, patients present with sudden onset facial droop, inability to close the eye, impaired taste, and hyperacusis. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with imaging reserved for atypical cases to exclude secondary causes such as tumors or stroke. Management involves corticosteroids, eye protection, and sometimes antiviral therapy. Prognosis is favorable in most cases, with the majority achieving full recovery within weeks to months.