Adjustment Disorder with Mixed Disturbance of Emotions and Conduct

This disorder combines emotional symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression) and behavioral disturbances (e.g., aggression, impulsivity) following exposure to a stressor. Neurobiological underpinnings involve dysregulation of limbic-prefrontal circuits governing emotion and behavior. Clinically, affected individuals present with mood lability, irritability, noncompliance, and interpersonal conflict, often leading to functional impairment. Diagnosis is clinical, based on symptom onset within three months of the stressor, significant impairment, and exclusion of primary psychiatric disorders. Treatment strategies involve integrated psychotherapy addressing both emotional and behavioral components, psychoeducation, and structured environmental support. Pharmacologic interventions are reserved for severe or comorbid presentations. Prognosis is favorable with timely intervention and adaptation to the precipitating stressor.