Multiple System Atrophy

MSA is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting autonomic, cerebellar, and extrapyramidal systems. Clinical features include parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and autonomic failure. Pathophysiology involves alpha-synuclein aggregation in oligodendrocytes. Diagnosis is clinical, supported by MRI and exclusion of Parkinson disease. Management is supportive, focusing on autonomic and motor symptoms; prognosis is poor, with rapid progression and limited response to therapy.