Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a type of stroke resulting from spontaneous or secondary rupture of cerebral vessels, leading to focal neurological deficits. Common etiologies include hypertension, amyloid angiopathy, vascular malformations, or coagulopathy. Pathophysiology involves mechanical disruption of brain tissue, increased intracranial pressure, and secondary ischemic injury. Diagnosis is based on neuroimaging, particularly CT or MRI. Management includes blood pressure control, surgical evacuation in select cases, intensive care support, and rehabilitation; prognosis depends on hemorrhage size, location, and patient comorbidities.