Generalized Epilepsy

Generalized epilepsy encompasses seizure disorders arising from widespread bilateral cortical networks without focal onset. Etiologies include genetic mutations affecting ion channels, structural brain abnormalities, and metabolic disorders. Clinical manifestations include absence, myoclonic, tonic-clonic, or atonic seizures. Diagnosis relies on clinical history, EEG demonstrating generalized spike-wave discharges, and neuroimaging to exclude structural causes. Management includes antiepileptic medications tailored to seizure type, with prognosis dependent on seizure control and underlying etiology.