Dermatomyositis (Neuromuscular)

Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by proximal muscle weakness and distinctive cutaneous manifestations. Pathophysiology involves immune-mediated damage to muscle fibers and capillaries, often associated with autoantibodies. Diagnosis includes elevated serum muscle enzymes, electromyography, muscle biopsy, and characteristic skin findings. Management consists of immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, methotrexate), physical therapy, and supportive care. Prognosis varies; early treatment improves functional outcomes, but severe or chronic disease can lead to disability.