Capgras Syndrome (Neurologic)

Capgras syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the delusional belief that familiar individuals have been replaced by impostors. It is associated with structural or functional brain abnormalities, particularly in the right frontal and temporal lobes, often secondary to neurodegenerative disease, stroke, or traumatic brain injury. Patients may exhibit paranoid behavior and emotional detachment. Diagnosis is clinical, based on psychiatric evaluation and neuroimaging to identify underlying pathology. Management includes antipsychotic therapy and treatment of underlying neurological conditions; prognosis varies with etiology, and persistent delusions can cause significant functional impairment.