Antiphospholipid Syndrome (Neurologic)

Neurologic manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome arise from hypercoagulability caused by antiphospholipid antibodies, leading to arterial or venous thrombosis. Patients may present with ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cognitive dysfunction, or chorea. Diagnosis requires detection of lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin, or anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies, alongside clinical thrombotic events. Management centers on long-term anticoagulation with warfarin or heparin, and adjunctive therapy in catastrophic presentations. Prognosis depends on prevention of recurrent thrombotic events and timely therapeutic intervention.