Amyloid Angiopathy

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is characterized by deposition of amyloid-beta within small- and medium-sized cerebral blood vessels, predominantly in elderly patients. It is associated with lobar intracerebral hemorrhages, cognitive impairment, and microhemorrhages detectable on MRI. Pathophysiology involves vascular fragility due to amyloid deposition, predisposing to hemorrhage. Diagnosis relies on neuroimaging findings and, in some cases, histopathology. Management is largely supportive, emphasizing blood pressure control and avoidance of anticoagulation when possible; prognosis includes recurrent hemorrhages and progressive cognitive decline.