Amaurosis Fugax

Amaurosis fugax is a transient, monocular vision loss often described as a “curtain descending” over the visual field, typically caused by transient retinal or optic nerve ischemia. Etiologies include embolic phenomena from carotid artery atherosclerosis, cardiac sources, or vasospasm. Clinical evaluation includes ophthalmologic examination and vascular imaging, such as carotid Doppler or angiography. Management focuses on addressing underlying vascular risk factors, antiplatelet therapy, and in select cases, carotid endarterectomy. Prognosis depends on timely intervention, as untreated cases have increased risk of permanent visual loss or stroke.