Alternating Hemiplegia In Childhood

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of hemiplegia affecting alternating sides of the body, often associated with dystonia and ocular motor abnormalities. Mutations in the ATP1A3 gene disrupt neuronal ion homeostasis, leading to episodic neurological dysfunction. Onset typically occurs before 18 months of age, with attacks triggered by stress, fatigue, or temperature changes. Diagnosis is clinical, supported by genetic confirmation. Management is symptomatic, including pharmacologic therapy with flunarizine and supportive care, but long-term prognosis involves persistent motor and cognitive impairment.