Mild Neurocognitive Disorder

Mild neurocognitive disorder represents a modest decline in cognitive function, exceeding normal age-related changes but not significantly impairing independence in daily activities. Etiologies include early neurodegenerative disease, vascular insults, metabolic disturbances, and medication effects. Clinically, patients exhibit subtle memory loss, attention deficits, or executive dysfunction. Diagnosis involves neuropsychological testing and exclusion of dementia or delirium. Management includes monitoring, cognitive rehabilitation, lifestyle interventions, and treatment of reversible contributing factors.