Anorexia Nervosa (Restricting Type)

Anorexia nervosa, restricting type, is an eating disorder characterized by deliberate caloric restriction, intense fear of weight gain, and distorted body image. Pathophysiology involves genetic vulnerability, dysregulation of reward and appetite pathways, and altered hypothalamic and serotonergic function. Clinically, patients exhibit significant weight loss, body dissatisfaction, amenorrhea, and preoccupation with food. Diagnosis is based on DSM-5 criteria, including BMI, behavioral patterns, and psychological assessment. Management requires multidisciplinary intervention including nutritional rehabilitation, psychotherapy (e.g., CBT, family-based therapy), and pharmacologic management for comorbid psychiatric symptoms. Prognosis is variable, with early recognition and intervention improving outcomes.