Caffeine Use Disorder

Caffeine use disorder is characterized by compulsive consumption of caffeine leading to functional impairment or distress, including anxiety, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular effects. Etiology involves central nervous system stimulation, adenosinergic receptor modulation, and behavioral reinforcement. Clinically, patients present with persistent use despite adverse effects, difficulty reducing intake, and withdrawal symptoms such as headache or irritability. Diagnosis is based on DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorders adapted to caffeine. Management includes behavioral interventions, gradual tapering, and psychoeducation. Prognosis is favorable, with symptom resolution typically occurring after dose reduction or cessation.