Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

AIDP, the most common form of Guillain–Barré syndrome, is an autoimmune-mediated demyelinating disorder of peripheral nerves, often triggered by antecedent infections. Clinically, patients develop symmetric ascending weakness, areflexia, and distal sensory disturbances, with possible respiratory compromise in severe cases. Electrophysiological studies demonstrate demyelination, and cerebrospinal fluid shows albuminocytologic dissociation. Early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange accelerates recovery and mitigates complications. Prognosis is generally favorable, although residual deficits can persist in a minority of cases.