Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, laxative use, or excessive exercise. Etiology includes genetic susceptibility, neurobiological dysregulation of appetite and reward pathways, psychosocial stressors, and sociocultural influences. Clinically, patients experience recurrent binge episodes, preoccupation with body shape and weight, and resultant physical complications such as electrolyte disturbances, gastrointestinal injury, or dental erosion. Diagnosis relies on DSM-5 criteria, structured interviews, and exclusion of anorexia nervosa. Management involves cognitive-behavioral therapy, nutritional rehabilitation, and pharmacologic treatment (e.g., SSRIs). Prognosis improves with early, comprehensive intervention, although chronicity may occur in untreated cases.