Primary Lateral Sclerosis

PLS is a rare neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons, causing progressive spasticity and weakness without lower motor neuron involvement. Pathophysiology involves degeneration of corticospinal tracts. Diagnosis relies on clinical criteria, neuroimaging, and exclusion of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Management is symptomatic, including spasticity control, physiotherapy, and mobility aids; prognosis is slowly progressive with long-term survival.