Neuronal Migration Disorder

Neuronal migration disorders are congenital malformations resulting from abnormal cortical organization during embryogenesis. Clinical features include developmental delay, epilepsy, and motor deficits. Etiology involves genetic mutations affecting cytoskeletal proteins and signaling pathways. Diagnosis is based on neuroimaging, clinical assessment, and genetic testing. Management is supportive, including seizure control and developmental therapies; prognosis depends on extent of cortical malformation.